PTAS 217 - Treatment Modalities III

7A2. Body system interactions, health, and surgical conditions across the life span, movement sciences, pain and pain experiences, and psychological aspects of health and disability.

BODY SYSTEMS:

• Genital and reproductive: Articulate effects of immobility on the gastrointestinal system for patients with neurological conditions
• Hematologic: Examine the role abnormal clotting plays in neurological disorders, including stroke.
• Immune: Articulate the negative effects of lacking GI and urological control.
• Pulmonary: Describe the anatomical and physiological cough mechanism
• Renal and urological: Discuss incontinence, neurologic and non-neurologic bladder control, and evacuation related to patients with neurological conditions

OTHER:

• Implement anatomy and physiology information for pathophysiology noted in the plan of care for pediatric, adult, and geriatric patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders
• Describe the principles of typical diagnostic and surgical procedures used for the assessment and treatment of neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders
• Provide examples of physiological system impacts for patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders noted in the physical therapy plan of care

7B. Ethics and values, professional development and responsibilities, service, leadership, lifelong learning, along with teaching and learning with an every-changing healthcare environment.

7B1. Standards of Ethical Conduct (APTA) and APTA Core Values for the PT and PTA

• Demonstrate professional behavior reflecting the role of a physical therapist assistant
• Demonstrate understanding of APTA Core Values when interacting with a patient or caregiver associated with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders

7B2. Develop services and leadership skills and abilities that address legislative and political advocacy, community collaboration, and health care disparity.

• Identify potential for physical therapist assistant advanced proficiency in the physical therapy field for neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders

7B3. Practices within the legal framework of one’s jurisdiction(s) and relevant federal and state requirements.

• Demonstrate the legal and ethical scope of the physical therapist assistant under the supervision of the physical therapist in the intervention of patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders

7C. Lifelong learning, education, and health care disparities in the ever-changing health care environment.

7C1. Contemporary physical therapy knowledge and practice including evidence-informed practice, interpretation of statistical evidence, and clinical reasoning and decision-making.

• Effectively appraise research literature in physical therapy
• Determine appropriate resources of quality healthcare literature in the field of physical therapy based on components of evidence-based practice
• Implement appropriate physical therapy related literature
• Apply healthcare literature to justify physical therapy services within a neurological population

7C2. Improve skills to educate and communicate in a manner that meets the needs of the patient, caregivers, and other health care professionals

• Demonstrate effective communication (including the subjective interview) in a simulated patient scenario
• Dramatize patient education strategies for the delivery of the physical therapy plan of care for a patient with a neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorder in a simulated patient scenario
• Develop an effective treatment protocol with appropriate data collection and traditional neurological intervention strategies under the PT Plan of Care for patients with a given neurological disorder

7C3. Advance understanding of health care disparities in relation to physical therapy, recognizing and adjusting personal behavior to optimize inclusive and equitable patient care and patient care environments.

• Recognize the impact of health care disparities in the delivery of care for a patient with a neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorder
• Illustrate the role of the PTA in the delivery of the physical therapy plan of care with consideration of self and others for patients with a neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorder
• Differentiate the traditional neurological theories, strategies, and treatment techniques noted in the physical therapy plan of care to optimize the provision of inclusive and equitable care

7D1. Implementation of the plan of care established by the physical therapist:

• Obtain and review current information from physical therapy documentation, health records, patient and clients, caregivers, and family members related to general health status, consults, prior and current level of function before carrying out the physical therapy plan of care.
  • Identify relevant information from a physical therapy evaluation and other health documents as appropriate for safe and effective care for patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders in a simulated patient scenario
• Recognize need for clarification, supervision, or action by the supervising PT
  • Identify health information that requires treatment modification within the physical therapy plan of care or consultation with the supervising physical therapist
  • Clinically judge the plan of care for patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders with at-risk scenarios that require consultation with a supervising physical therapist
• Determine when an intervention is inappropriate
  • Recognize specific contraindications for the rehabilitation patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders noted in the physical therapy plan of care
  • Report indications and contraindications for interventions in the physical therapy plan of care for patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders
  • Describe the relationship of abnormal diagnostic results for neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders to the physical therapy plan of care
• Select interventions as determined by the supervising PT based on clinical data, goals, and intended outcomes.
  • Determine the appropriate intervention theories, strategies, and treatment techniques for various phases of recovery noted in the physical therapy plan of care
  • Discern appropriate interventions based on the physical therapy plan of care that maximize gains for the established short-term and long-term goals
• Modify, adjust, and discontinue interventions based on the patient response and clinical data in collaboration with the supervising PT
  • Demonstrate effective modification of treatment strategy within the POC based on client response and clinical findings
  • Examine the impact of co-morbidities for patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders in the physical therapy plan of care
  • Differentiate the expected effects of exercise for patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders noted in the physical therapy plan of care
  • Report activities that aggravate or relieve signs and symptoms of the cardiovascular or pulmonary systems
• Contribute to the d/c and follow-up planning with the supervising PT.
  • In collaboration with the PT, differentiate appropriate discharge criteria and follow-up care options for patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders
• Use the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF).
  • Provide examples of common impairments to body structure and function, activity limitations, and participation restrictions affecting patients with a neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorder, according to the ICF

7D2. Select and perform components of data collection using appropriate tests and measures for all phases of PT interventions in:

• Cardiovascular system
  • Apply or clinically judge cardiovascular system tests or measures for the intervention of patients within the confines of the physical therapy plan of care
• Pulmonary system
  • Apply or clinically judge pulmonary system tests or measures for the intervention of patients within the confines of the physical therapy plan of care
• Neurological system
  • Demonstrate equilibrium and non-equilibrium coordination and functional assessment testing for a patient with a neurological system disorder in a simulated patient scenario
  • Illustrate the causative factors for skin integrity risks for patients with neurological disorders
  • Apply muscle performance testing for appropriate patients with neurological disorders in a simulated patient scenario
  • Discern muscle tone variations of provided neurological disorders
  • Identify postural characteristics of normal and abnormal reflex patterns
  • Differentiate between spastic and synergy patterns of the upper and lower extremities
  • Differentiate characteristic postural deviations associated with patients having neurological disorders
  • Illustrate the role of the PTA during effective data collection strategies under the PT Plan of Care for patients with a given neurological disorder
• Grown and human development
  • Identify expected developmental milestones for motor (gross and fine), perceptual, social, language, and cognitive skills
  • Identify postural characteristics of developmental primitive and equilibrium reflex patterns
• Pain and pain experiences
  • Discern specific pain complaints associated with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders
  • Discern specific pain complaints associated with breathing disorders
• Psychosocial aspects
  • Provide examples of common psychosocial impacts for patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders noted in the physical therapy plan of care
• Mental health aspects
  • Discern assessment tools for patients with neurological, consciousness, or cognitive disorders
  • Discern assessment tools used to examine a patient’s mental health

7D3. Select and perform physical therapy interventions for each of the following as identified in the plan of care established by the physical therapist to achieve goals and outcomes:

• Cardiovascular conditions
  • Apply or clinically judge cardiovascular interventions for patients within the confines of the physical therapy plan of care
• Pulmonary conditions
  • Apply or clinically judge pulmonary interventions for patients within the confines of the physical therapy plan of care
• Neurological conditions
  • Demonstrate therapeutic interventions for a simulated patient scenario with a neurological system disorder for rehabilitation of mobility, transfers, and self-care activities
  • Implement an effective treatment for a patient with a neurological system disorder in a simulated patient scenario
  • Implement effective handling and positioning techniques for a patient with a neurological disorder in a simulated patient scenario
  • Demonstrate common therapeutic equipment for a patient with a neurological disorder, including concerns for safety and effective use
  • Illustrate the role of the PTA during appropriate neurological intervention strategies under the physical therapy plan of care for a patient with a given neurological disorder
• Growth and human development
  • Describe the development of play and associated interactions with others
  • Describe the intervention strategies associated with infant and pediatric engagement
  • Use developmental data collection strategies to advance skill development
  • Apply strategies of intervention to integrate primitive reflexes
  • Apply strategies of intervention for patients with developmental delays in a simulated patient scenario

7D4. Delivery of Physical Therapy Services: Complete documentation according to legal framework of one’s jurisdiction, practice setting, and regulating agencies.

• Distinguish relevant information from a written medical record when determining treatment intervention for a patient with an established plan of care
• Complete timely and accurate documentation

7D5. Delivery of Physical Therapy Services: Respond effectively to environmental emergencies that may occur in the clinical setting.

• Differentiate situations that require immediate emergency response for patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders

7D6. Delivery of Physical Therapy Services: Educate others using teaching methods that are commensurate with the needs of the learner, including participation in the clinical education of students, incorporate cultural humility and social determinants of health when providing patient and/or caregiver education.

• Discuss elements of informed consent in the context of treatment interventions within a simulated patient scenario
• Illustrate the role of the PTA during an effective treatment protocol with appropriate data collection and traditional neurological intervention strategies under the physical therapy plan of care
• Dramatize the education of others with effective strategies considering a learner’s education, culture, and social determinants
• Develop an effective treatment protocol with appropriate data collection and traditional neurological intervention strategies under the PT Plan of Care for patients with a given neurological disorder
• Dramatize patient education strategies for exercise development within the physical therapy plan of care for a patient with a neurological system disorder in a simulated patient scenario

7D7. Health Care Activities: Participate in efforts to ensure patient and health care provider safety

• Apply appropriate patient care requirements regarding safety, privacy, dignity, and efficiency in a simulated patient scenario
• Articulate body mechanics to a simulated patient with a neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorder
• Apply effective body mechanics for self in a simulated patient scenario
• Report standard precautions regarding patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders

7D8. Health Care Activities: Participate in patient-centered interprofessional collaborative care.

• Explore the interactions between therapeutic providers in the holistic developmental service delivery, including developmental, occupational, speech and language, social work intervention specialists

7D10. Community Health: Provide services and/or educational resources informed by cultural humility that address primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, health promotion, and wellness to individuals, groups, and communities.

• Demonstrate ability to adjust the provision of care to address adverse effects of social determinants of health and potential disparities in patient care
• Dramatize the provision of patient and caregiver education strategies with a focus on prevention, health promotion, and wellness for neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders
• Identify patient scenarios where assessment of home or community environments is required for appropriate reintegration of the patient with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorders

7D11. Community Health: Provide physical therapy services that address: JEDI, belonging, and anti-racism, and health care disparities, and social determinants of health.

• Discuss effective development of a treatment strategy considering JEDI, belonging, and anti-racism, health care disparities, or social determinants for a patient within special populations
• Demonstrate professional behavior reflecting the scope of the physical therapist assistant to provide patient-centered care across the range of patient needs

7D13. Practice Management: Participate in the financial management of the practice setting, including accurate billing and payment for services rendered

• Discern appropriate billing codes for skilled procedures and interventions in a patient scenario for a patient with a neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary disorder