PTAS 201 - Treatment Modalities II

7A2. Body system interactions, health, and surgical conditions across the life span, movement sciences, pain and pain experiences, and psychological aspects of health and disability.

 BODY SYSTEMS:

• Endocrine and metabolic: Examine how common endocrine and metabolic conditions impact the implementation of the physical therapy plan of care
• Musculoskeletal
  • Implement anatomy and physiology information for pathophysiologies noted in the plan of care for patients with musculoskeletal system disorders
  • Classify joint restrictions specific to musculoskeletal disorders
  • Discern arthrokinematic and osteokinematic motions related to joint mobility techniques performed by the physical therapist in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders

OTHER:

• Describe the principles for common diagnostic and surgical procedures used for the assessment and treatment of disordres associated with the musculoskeletal system

7B. Ethics and values, professional development and responsibilities, service, leadership, lifelong learning, along with teaching and learning with an every-changing healthcare environment.

7B1. Standards of Ethical Conduct (APTA) and APTA Core Values for the PT and PTA

• Demonstrate professional behavior reflecting the role of a physical therapist assistant
• Demonstrate understanding of APTA Core Values when interacting with a patient or caregiver associated with musculoskeletal disorders
• Compare the role of a phyiscal therapist assistant to the physical therapist for the treatment of a patient with a musculoskeletal diagnosis

7B2. Develop services and leadership skills and abilities that address legislative and political advocacy, community collaboration, and health care disparity.

• Recognize personal role and responsibilities as a PTA in physical therapy in relation to legislative, political, and community organizations, including the APTA
• Identify the potential for physical therapist advanced proficiency in musuloskeletal orthopedic physical therapy

7B3. Practices within the legal framework of one’s jurisdiction(s) and relevant federal and state requirements.

• Demonstrate the legal and ethical scope of the physical therapist assistant under the supervision of the physical therapist in the intervention of patients with musculoskeletal disorders

7C. Lifelong learning, education, and health care disparities in the ever-changing health care environment.

7C1. Contemporary physical therapy knowledge and practice including evidence-informed practice, interpretation of statistical evidence, and clinical reasoning and decision-making.

• Effectively appraise research literature in physical therapy with peer discussion
• Determine appropriate resources of quality healthcare literature in the field of physical therapy based on components of evidence-based practice
• Implement appropriate physical therapy related literature in written and/or oral presentation
• Apply healthcare literature to justify the continuation, modification, review, or discontinuation of physical therapy services to the supervising physical therapist

7C2. Improve skills to educate and communicate in a manner that meets the needs of the patient, caregivers, and other health care professionals

• Demonstrate effective communication, including subjective interview ina simulated patient scenario
• Dramatize patient education strategies for exercise development within the physical therapy plan of care for a patient with a musculoskeletal system disorder in a simulated patient scenario

7C3. Advance understanding of health care disparities in relation to physical therapy, recognizing and adjusting personal behavior to optimize inclusive and equitable patient care and patient care environments.

• Recognize the impact of health care disparities in delivery of care for a patient with a musculoskeletal disorder
• Illustrate the role of the PTA in the delivery of the physical therapy plan of care with consideration of self and others for patients with a musculoskeletal disorder

7D1. Implementation of the plan of care established by the physical therapist:

• Obtain and review current information from physical therapy documentation, health records, patient and clients, caregivers, and family members related to general health status, consults, prior and current level of function before carrying out the physical therapy plan of care.
  • Identify relevant information from a physical therapy evaluation and other health documents as appropriate for safe and effective care for patients with musculoskeletal disorders in a simulated patient scenario
• Recognize need for clarification, supervision, or action by the supervising PT
  • Identify health information that requires treatment modification within the physical therapy plan of care or consultation with the supervising physical therapist
  • Describe situations that require collaboration with the supervising physical therapist to modify, adjust, or discontinue a therapeutic intervention for a patient with a musculoskeletal diagnosis
• Determine when an intervention is inappropriate
  • Recognize specific contraindications for the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal system disorders noted in the physical therapy plan of care
  • Report indications and contraindications for interventions for patients with musculoskeletal system disorders in the physical therapy plan of care
  • Report the indications and contraindications for physical/mechanical modalities for patients with musculoskeletal disorders
  • Report the indications and contraindications for soft tissue mobilization techniques for patients with musculoskeletal disorders
  • Recognize how patient arousal, awareness, and cognition may impact the safe delivery of mechanical/physical treatment interventions
  • Describe the impact of abnormal diagnostic results for musculoskeletal disorders and their effect on the implementation of the physical therapy plan of care
• Select interventions as determined by the supervising PT based on clinical data, goals, and intended outcomes.
  • Determine the appropriate musculoskeletal intervention theories, strategies, and treatment techniques for various phases of recovery noted in the physical therapy plan of care
  • Discern appropriate interventions based on the PT Plan of Care that maximize potential gains for the established short-term and long-term goal expectations
  • Identify manual therapy techniques for patients with musculoskeletal system disorders noted in the physical therapy plan of care
• Modify, adjust, and discontinue interventions based on the patient response and clinical data in collaboration with the supervising PT
  • Demonstrate effective modification of treatment strategy within the POC based on client response and clinical findings
  • Determine the appropriate parameters and outcomes of therapeutic modalities for patients with musculoskeletal system disorders noted in the physical therapy plan of care
  • Understand the role of pain in determining progression, modification, or discontinuation of a treatment intervention within the established physical therapy plan of care
• Contribute to the d/c and follow-up planning with the supervising PT.
  • In collaboration with the PT, differentiate appropriate discharge criteria and follow-up care options for patients with musculoskeletal disorders
• Use the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF).
  • Provide body structure impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions affecting patients with neurological, cardiovascular, or pulmonary conditions using the ICF

7D2. Select and perform components of data collection using appropriate tests and measures for all phases of PT interventions in:

• Cardiovascular system
  • Demonstrate ability to monitor exercise tolerance and endurance for patients with musculoskeletal disorders
• Pulmonary system
  • Demonstrate ability to monitor exercise tolerance and endurance for patients with musculoskeletal disorders
• Musculoskeletal system
  • Demonstrate ability to discern motor function limitations and develop effective treatment strategies within the plan of care
  • Demonstrate ability to calculate and apply factors associated with body dimensions in the application of a simulated patient scenario involving assistive devices, weight bearing, and case diagnoses
  • Demonstrate palpation skills of musculature in preparation for soft tissue techniques in a simulated patient scenario
  • Discern muscle involvement in specific assumed postures
  • Discern postural disorders and limitations related to muscle and joint limitations of the peripheral and spinal regions
  • Demonstrate range of motion techniques for the identification of limitations or improvements in the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal disorders
• Integumentary and lymphatic system
  • Discern the appropriate wound management for skin integrity concerns following musculoskeletal system disorder interventions
  • Demonstrate edema measurement techniques for treatment monitoring of musculoskeletal disorders
• Pain and pain experiences
  • Discern relevant subjective and objective tests and measures of pain for a given musculoskeletal disorder
• Psychosocial aspects
  • Provide examples of physical, functional, and psychosocial factors of patients with musculoskeletal disorders
• Mental health aspects
  • Examine the impact of co-morbidities for patients with musculoskeletal system disorders in the physical therapy plan of care

7D3. Select and perform physical therapy interventions for each of the following as identified in the plan of care established by the physical therapist to achieve goals and outcomes:

• Musculoskeletal conditions
  • Discern the appropriate parameters of physical or mechanical modalities for patients with musculoskeletal disorders
  • Demonstrate effective and safe application of physical or mechanical modalities for patients with musculoskeletal system disorders in a simulated patient scenario
  • Identify self-care aide needs common to specific musculoskeletal disorders
  • Discern the appropriate parameters of soft tissue mobilization techniques
  • Demonstrate effective and safe soft tissue mobilization techniques for a patient with a musculoskeletal disorder in a simulated patient scenario
  • Discern the appropriate parameters of therapeutic exercise for a patient with a musculoskeletal disorder in a simulated patient scenario
  • Apply parameters of muscle performance for strengthening, endurance, and stability for a patient with a musculoskeletal disorder in a simulated patient scenario
  • Apply effective body mechanics for self with a patient with a musculoskeletal disorder in a simulated patient scenario
  • Demonstrate effective and safe assistive device training for a patient with a musculoskeletal disorder in a simulated patient scenario
  • Define the purpose and general population for musculoskeletal orthotic, protective, and/or supportive devices
  • Identify musculoskeletal system disorder signs and/or symptoms that necessitate recommendation of and/or treatment with orthotic devices
  • Apply effective techniques to modify/correct posture for a patient with a musculoskeletal disorder in a simulated patient scenario
• Integumentary and lymphatic conditions
  • Apply appropriate treatment and positional techniques in the care of extremity edema
• Growth and human development
  • Apply effective safeguards during physical therapy interventions for common musculoskeletal disorders across the lifespan
• Pain and pain experiences
  • Apply effective pain reduction strategies associated with musculoskeletal interventions

7D4. Delivery of Physical Therapy Services: Complete documentation according to legal framework of one’s jurisdiction, practice setting, and regulating agencies.

• Distinguish relevant information from a written medical record when determining treatment intervention for a patient with an established plan of care
• Interpret common medical terminology used in documentation for a patient with a musculoskeletal/neurological disorder
• Complete timely and accurate documentation

7D5. Delivery of Physical Therapy Services: Respond effectively to environmental emergencies that may occur in the clinical setting.

• Differentiate situations that require immediate emergency response for patients with musculoskeletal system disorders

7D6. Delivery of Physical Therapy Services: Educate others using teaching methods that are commensurate with the needs of the learner, including participation in the clinical education of students, incorporate cultural humility and social determinants of health when providing patient and/or caregiver education.

• Discuss elements of informed consent in the context of treatment intervention within a simulated patient scenario
• Illustrate the role of the PTA during an effective treatment protocol with appropriate data collection and traditional musculoskeletal intervention strategies under the physical therapy plan of care
• Dramatize the education of others with effective interventions considering a patient’s education, culture, and social determinants within the delivery of the physical therapy plan of care
• Articulate effective body mechanics during treatment for a simulated patient scenario involving a musculoskeletal disorder
• Implement gait parameters, weight bearing status, and assistance levels with regard to musculoskeletal lower extremity disorders in developing a treatment strategy in a simulated patient scenario

7D7. Health Care Activities: Participate in efforts to ensure patient and health care provider safety

• Apply approrpiate patient care requirements regarding safety, privacy, dignity, and efficiency in a stimulated patient scenario
• Articulate effective body mechanics to a simulated patient with a musculoskeletal disorder
• Apply effective body mechanics for self during a simulated patient scenario
• Demonstrate effective and safe application of therapeutic exercise for patients with musculoskeletal system disorders in a simulated patient scenario

7D8. Health Care Activities: Participate in patient-centered interprofessional collaborative care.

• Describe situations that require collaboration with other health care professionals for a patient with a musculoskeletal diagnosis
• Explain the role of the medical doctor, surgeon, and orthotist for a patient with a musculoskeletal disorder

7D10. Community Health: Provide services and/or educational resources informed by cultural humility that address primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, health promotion, and wellness to individuals, groups, and communities.

• Demonstrate ability to adjust care provision to address adverse effects of social determinants of health and potential disparities in patient care.
• Dramatize the provision of patient and caregiver education strategies with a focus on prevention, health promotion, and wellness for musculoskeletal disorders
• Identify patient scenarios where home and/or community environment assessment are appropriate for the reintegration of patients within special populations
• Choose appropriate draping strategies to protect patient modesty and dignity associated with patient specific needs when applying physical therapy intervention

7D11. Community Health: Provide physical therapy services that address: JEDI, belonging, and anti-racism, and health care disparities, and social determinants of health.

• Discuss effective development of a treatment strategy considering JEDI, belonging, and anti-racism, health care disparities, or social determinants for a patient with a musculoskeletal disorder in a simulated patient scenario
• Demonstrate professional behavior reflecting the scope of the physical therapist assistant to provide patient-centered care across the range of patient needs.

7D13. Practice Management: Participate in the financial management of the practice setting, including accurate billing and payment for services rendered

• Effectively prepare documentation and billing related to third-party payer sources following practice setting and legal requirements affecting the provision of physical therapy services