PHLB 212 - Phlebotomy

1. Follow established safety practices which incorporate OSHA, blood-borne pathogens, and CLIA’88.
2. Identify health care providers who generally perform phlebotomy procedures.
3. Locate and name the veins most commonly used for phlebotomy procedures.
4. Perform the proper techniques for hand washing, gowning, gloving, masking, double bagging and entering and exiting the various isolation areas.
5. Describe the basic programs for infection control.
6. Select correct equipment to perform a venipuncture and capillary puncture.
7. Perform a venipuncture and microcontainer collections according to the accuracy determined by the instructor.
8. Complete 10 successful venipunctures and 10 successful microcontainer collections.
9. Explain complications of specimen collection.
10. Summarize collection and handling of specimens for various laboratory sections.
11. Demonstrate professionalism and laboratory safety when interacting with others.
12. Recognize professional liability and implement health and safety requirements, to include universal precautions.
13. Relate anatomy, physiology, and appropriate medical terminology to phlebotomy procedures.

1. Overview of Phlebotomy
   1. Phlebotomy Practices and Health Care Settings
      1. Professional Competencies
      2. Professional Behavior
      3. Working with Health Care Team
   2. Communication Skills in the Patient Care Environment
      1. Bedside manner
      2. Issues in Home and Ambulatory Setting
      3. Professional Appearance
   3. Patient’s Rights
      1. Specimen Collection
      2. Family, Visitors, and Significant Others
   4. Health Care Organizations
2. Basic Anatomy and Physiology
   1. Major Body Systems
3. Circulatory System
   1. Blood
   2. Heart
   3. Vessels and Circulation
   4. Hemostasis and Coagulation
   5. Diagnostic Assessment
4. Safety Procedures
   1. Infection Control
      1. Chain of Infection
   2. OSHA standards for Occupational Exposure to Blood-Borne Pathogens
      1. OSHA Needlestick Safety and Safety Prevention Act
      2. Isolation Procedures
   3. Standard Precautions
      1. Health Care Employer
      2. Bloodborne Exposure Procedures
      3. Isolation for Hospital Outbreak
      4. Types of Isolation
      5. Infection Control in Hospital units
         1. Nursery
         2. Burn Unit
         3. ICU
         4. Postoperative
         5. Dialysis
         6. Clinical Laboratory
      6. Specific Isolation Techniques
         1. Hand Washing
         2. Gowning
         3. Masking
         4. Gloving
         5. Entering & Exiting the Room
         6. Disposing of Contamination items
      7. Prevention of Laboratory-Acquired Infections
      8. Sterile Technique for Health Care Workers
         1. Disinfectants and Antiseptics
   4. Safety Practices in Phlebotomy
      1. Safety in specimen handling
      2. Exposure Control
      3. Personal Hygiene
      4. Laboratory Safety
      5. Fire Safety
      6. Electrical Safety
      7. Radiation Safety
      8. Mechanical Safety
      9. Chemical Safety
      10. Equipment and Safety in Patient’s room
      11. Safety related to Latex products
      12. Disaster Emergency Plans
5. Specimen Documentation and Transportation
   1. Fundamentals in Documentation
   2. Laboratory Communication
      1. Network
      2. Telephone
      3. Confidentiality and Privacy
      4. Fax Transmissions
   3. Computerized Communication
      1. Bar codes
   4. Requisition Forms
   5. Specimen labels and blood collection lists
   6. Specimen Transportation and delivery
      1. Handling Guidelines
      2. Delivery Methods
   7. Reporting
      1. Written reports
      2. Verbal reports
      3. Computerized reports
      4. Summaries
      5. Distribution of reports/results
      6. Charting
6. Equipment And Blood Collection Procedures
   1. Blood Collection Equipment
      1. Vacuum Tube System
      2. Types of tubes
      3. Safety Syringes
   2. Needles
      1. Multidraw
      2. Butterfly
      3. Syringe
      4. Needle disposal
   3. Venipuncture Equipment
      1. Tourniquets
      2. Ancillary supplies
      3. Trays
   4. Capillary Puncture Equipment
      1. Lancets
      2. Microcollection equipment
      3. Transporting Micro Specimens
7. Venipuncture Procedures
   1. Assessing and Patient Identification
      1. Process
      2. Inpatient Identification
      3. Infants and Young children
      4. Emergency Room
      5. Out-patient
   2. Equipment Selection and Preparation
      1. Supplies
      2. Positioning of patient
      3. Venipuncture site selection
      4. Tourniquet application
      5. Decontamination of site
   3. Venipuncture Methods
      1. Evacuated Tube System
      2. Syringe Method
      3. Butterfly Method (Winged Infusion Set)
      4. Order of Tube Selection (Order of the Draw)
      5. Specimen Identification and labeling
   4. Specimen Rejection
   5. Prioritizing Patients
      1. Timed Specimens
      2. Fasting Specimens
      3. Stat Specimens
8. Capillary/ Skin Puncture Procedures
   1. Indications for use
   2. Composition of Capillary blood
   3. Technique for puncture
   4. Supplies
   5. Sites
   6. Warming site
   7. Procedure
   8. Labeling Specimen
9. Complications in Blood Collection
   1. Fainting
   2. Failure to draw blood
   3. Hematomas
   4. Petechiae
   5. Excessive Bleeding
   6. Mastectomy
   7. Edema
   8. Obesity
   9. IV Therapy
   10. Damages veins
   11. Hemolysis
   12. Collapsed veins
   13. Allergies
   14. Thrombosis
   15. Infections
   16. Vomiting
   17. Effects of Disposition on Blood Collection
       1. Basal state
       2. Diet
       3. Exercise
       4. Stress
       5. Age
       6. Tourniquet Pressure
       7. Other Factors
       8. Drugs and other substances in blood
   18. Specimen Rejection
10. Special Procedures
    1. Pediatric Procedures
    2. Arterial, Intravenous and Special Collection procedures
    3. Elderly, Home and Long-term Care Collection
11. Non Blood Specimen Collection
    1. Urine Collection
    2. Other body fluid collection
12. Special Specimen Collection
    1. Forensic Toxicology
       1. Chain of Custody Collection
    2. Workplace testing
    3. Sports Medicine
    4. Drug Testing
    5. Neonatal Drug Testing
13. Quality Assurance and Quality Control
14. Ethical, Legal and Regulatory Issues
    1. Basic Legal Principles
    2. Confidentiality
    3. HIV Related Issues
    4. Point-of-Care Testing
    5. Risk Management